Sigmund Freud and Phallic Stage Fixation

Ferris State University 1. According to Freudian theory, is Steve aware of why he interacts with women on only a sexual basis? Steve is superficially aware of why his interactions with women are exclusively sexual, but there is an underlying issue with his mother that prevents him from having a deeper connection with women. 2. What type of psychic energy motives Steve, according to Freud? Libido, that controls sexual drive, is what has been motivating Steve over a majority of his life. . Which of Freud’s personality types does Steve display? What evidence is there for it? What would have caused it? Steve displays the personality of someone that uses defense mechanisms such as displacement and reaction formation. Due to the neglect by his mother, Steve has taken then experience and is taking it out on women around him. 4. At what Freudian stage is Steve fixated? What evidence is there of it? Describe the stage and how it contributed to the fixation.What would have caused this f ixation? Steve is fixated at the phallic stage of development. The evidence is that he is constantly looking for that sexual pleasure. With the lack of attention he got from the opposite-sex parent (Mother), Steve became focused on getting the kind of pleasure he desired, resulting in him being stuck in this stage of development. 5. Others might express their behavior differently than Steve if t hey were fixated at he same stage. Give some examples of how they might behave. While Steve’s hyper-sexual behavior is due to his phallic stage fixation, another person fixated at the same stage may act differently. For example, a person may instead seek sexual attention from people of the same gender. In another instance, a person could become fixated with themselves and unable to engage in sexual relations with another person.

Language Stereotypes in Television Essay

That 70’s Show is an American sitcom that ran from 1998-2006. It takes place in 1976-1980 Wisconsin and centers around a group of highschool kids and ends a couple years after their graduation. In a way, the show proves that no matter what the decade, kids behave the same way and have mostly the same stereotypes. There are many characters who have either ethnic or gender stereotypes pinned to them through their language or how they act. The first example is also the main love interest of the show, Eric and Donna. In the later seasons, when the main relationship is more serious, Eric believes that Donna’s responsibilities when married is to stay at home and take care of the children while he worked. However, Donna, being a feminist, wanted nothing to do with staying home all the time. She wanted to explore the world and work. Another character who exemplifies a female stereotype is Jackie. She is a year younger than everyone else and her language can best be described as often high-pitched and definitely the most girly on the show. She loves pink unicorns and everything stereotypically girly. Many of the male characters can often find her â€Å"annoying† because of her overbearing girliness. The most masculine character is Hyde, and through his actions and words he expresses many male stereotypes. He is very direct with what he says and never beats around the bush. If he has a problem with something he will not hesitate to speak up and does seem to be commanding of the other characters, seeming both stronger and smarter than the other men. He uses the word â€Å"man† often, something that seems to be stereotypical of a guy. He will often use silence to his advantage when necessary. Another character is Fez(basically an acronym for â€Å"Foreign Exchange Student†), a dark colored boy whose country of origin is unknown. Being foreign, his language is poor at best since he doesn’t understand certain things that are acceptable in this late 1970’s teenage American culture, often exploited for laughs. It works because it is typical for someone learning a foreign language that differs from their native language to not make the connection between certain acceptable usages of words. Kelso is the stereotypical idiot who you can’t help but to love. He uses words such as â€Å"man† and â€Å"dude,† like many other masculine characters typically do. Words ending in â€Å"ing† are shortened to â€Å"in,† instead of saying â€Å"running,† Kelso will say â€Å"runnin. † Finally, there is Red and Kitty. Kitty speaks with a loving high pitch and is the polar opposite to Red’s stern low voice. These are both stereotypical characters, the father believes he is supposed to be the main provider and the punisher of the children, while the mother should be taking care of the children and comforting them. In the end, there are many stereotypes in television shows and movies. Some are harder to find than others, but if you look enough, they can be very easy to spot.

Company Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Company Profile - Essay Example Business Interaction / Communication in more than 100 different languages. 49,000+ individuals are employed worldwide by the Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries. In Britain the brand arrived in the year 1990 when the son of the founder, Charles Chandler brought the brand to England. The company today is extremely popular and surprisingly, "the word 'Coca-Cola' itself is even thought to be the second most widely understood word in the world after 'OK'!" (Coca Cola). The company is facing fierce competition with Pepsi Co. that is the other giant in the industry. Coca Cola is having a share of merely 50% in the Europe, the company is a market leader in Europe, however the company is rated 2nd in many parts of the world such as India. The company is having a wider product line and length that forced me to prepare the profile. The product line includes Coca Cola, Coca Cola Zero, Diet Coke, Sprite, Fanta, Lilt, Dr. Pepper, Oasis, Kia-Ora, Schweppes, Five Alive, Minute Maid, Rose's, Spri t 3G, and Powerade. The company is having a concern about the health too, it is unusual to think about since the company is manufacturing a drink that many people view as unhealthy, nevertheless the company cares about people when it says, "You can enjoy 'Coca-Cola' and all of our other products as part of a healthy balanced diet and active lifestyle" (Your Health). It is also a healthy sign that Coca Cola has associated it self with various healthy activities such as Football. SWOT There are number of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats regarding Coca Cola. In UK, the strengths include, highest market share possessed by any soft drink company, the biggest product line and length, a strong focus on society's health as the company mentions clearly on their products, "'Big 8: energy, protein, carbohydrate, carbohydrate of which sugars, fat, saturated fat, fibre and sodium" (What our labels tell you). The customers are welcomed at anytime to inspect the company's internal environment, the company has mentioned the free number '0800 227711'. A strong focus on fulfilling social responsibility as the company has associated itself with many important events such as sports etc. The weaknesses are limited for Coca Cola, The company has not got the full penetration in the market, there are many gaps in the society. The company is focusing on brand extension rather than the penetration of current brands. Obesity is getting common is Britain and company is not taking the issue in account. The different sales headquarters are not interlinked directly and they are having problems in internal communications, "We are currently developing new communications programmes to improve employee engagement and to ensure that they all understand our business priorities" (Key challenges in Britain). The opportunities for Coca Cola are, the obesity is getting common in Britain, Coca Cola can target that segment specifically and make it aware of the may Diet Coke that can help people understand the benefits of such drinks. The company can then cater each segment individually, such as kids who prefer sports should be targeted through advertisements using powerade, when every segment would be targeted, the outcome could be very profitable, "developing new, and hopefully successful, products is vital and, as Band says: Coca-Cola also needs to get the mix of products correct; that is the

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Resource Management - Essay Example The HR Portals generally tend to provide the employees with a chance for self service, i.e. all details of employees are available on the portal which permits them to keep a tab on their pay checks, benefits, and also the vacation benefits alongside with the various policies and procedures. This allows the employees to keep complete track of their own details without the need of the human resources team to interfere. The portals are also time savers as the various forms and applications can be put into the portal for the employees to use and download (Dessler, 2007). This reduced the number of employees coming to the HR teams for forms and also allows the human resources teams to use the time more effectively to do other important tasks. On the HR Portals tend to be very helpful to save time and money and help the human resources teams to use their time effectively to work on other important aspects of the company rather than simply providing ‘employee assistance’ (Dessler, 2007). On the whole the portals provide a chance for the workflow and process flow to become more effective and

Persuade the reader to purchase a hybrid vehicle Essay

Persuade the reader to purchase a hybrid vehicle - Essay Example This model car was developed after realising that traditional automobiles were significantly contributing to greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to the destruction of the environment through global warming. Apart from using natural gas, hybrid cars also use a lithium-ion battery which can be recharged at special recharge points. These cars are environmental friendly since they do not emit any carbon footprint that can damage the environment. Hybrid cars are also fast and efficient which make them ideal for personal and family use. These cars can also be classified as luxury brands and they are very attractive. Toyota and Honda are currently the major actors in this sector and they manufacture economic hybrid cars. The other advantage of buying a hybrid car is that they are easy to maintain in the long run. We are currently living in a world that is characterised by a volatile economy. For instance, the prices of gas and oil are constantly increasing and these have spiral effects on the motorists who have to fork out more money for their daily fuel requirements. Though hybrid cars are expensive to purchase for the first time, it can be seen that they are economic in the long run. Since these are powered by natural gas, it can be observed that there would be no hassle for the motorists to worry about rising prices of oil. The other important point to consider about hybrid cars is that they are all weather terrain vehicles. They can be operated efficiently in any type of environment. Basically, hybrid cars present quite a lot of benefits to the consumers compared to other traditional vehicles though their price may be a setback to the majority of customers. Hybrid cars are environmental friendly and they can provide a long lasting solution to the problem of global warming. Hybrid cars are economic in the long run since they are not powered by fossil fuels that are

What is the role of mass media in liberal democracies Do you think the Essay

What is the role of mass media in liberal democracies Do you think the media fulfil these functions (Base your answer on liberal theory and the political econ - Essay Example But, evidence from electronic and print media today reveals that the media houses have largely failed to live up to their defined roles. This essay will expound on this thesis by way of citing relevant examples from scholarly sources. One of the talking points amongst the intelligentsia is the dangers posed by lack of diversity and representation in the mainstream media’s coverage. The phenomena of media concentration, which has seen greater consolidation in the last decade, gives rise to production of news content that serves the interests of select media elite. This concentration of power in the hands of large media conglomerates makes it easy for them to set the political agenda on the national scale as exemplified by Rupert Murdoch’s near monopoly ownership of media space in Britain. It is no surprise then that the issues that they cover are infested with their personal biases, prejudices and interests. The general public, made helpless by this system, are presented a narrow political agenda that holds no real significance for them (Eldridge, Kitzinger & Williams, 1997, p. 27). In other words, while the media has the power to elicit a policy response from the government, the outcomes tend to ben efit the media elite and ruling classes rather than people. Only a few news stories get picked for publication/broadcast among numerous other pieces competing for the same space/time. The journalists in charge of deciding the news content are subject to personal biases, external coercions (both implicit and explicit) and other constraints that influence their decision making. For these reasons, there are only a minority of journalists who adhere to standards of objectivity and professional integrity, while the rest succumb to various pressures consciously or otherwise. This decline in journalistic ethos is seen across geo-political entities and cultures,

Faith School in UK Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Faith School in UK - Assignment Example However,the religious organization associated with it contributes to the cost of building the school and influences the running of the school. Finally, a faith school is a state-funded school in the United Kingdom that has recognized links with a religious organization, and its teachings are those stipulated in the general curriculum. A faith school usually contains a group of people who share the same religion and thoughts. There are many of these schools in the UK such as Muslim Faith School, Christian, Jewish and Hindu. Some people advocate the existence of faith schools in our society while others, who have a different point of view, claim that the government should not allow faith schools in the UK. Although state-funded faith schools are mostly run like the other state schools in the UK and are subjected to the same curriculum other than religious studies, they are free to teach their religion (Gibbons and Silva, 2006). Gibbons and Silva argue that the indoctrination of students in state-funded faith schools goes on without the state interfering. The students of such schools grow into the faith associated with the organization that sponsors the school. Faith schools generally ‘give priority to the applicants who belong to the faith of the school and are allowed to do that by some of the specific exemptions found in the section 85 of the UK Equality Act 2010’ (Equality Act, 2010). However, the law requires state-funded faith schools to admit other applicants in line with the school admissions code whenever they are unable to fill all their places with the applicants who belong to the faith of the school. In the recent past, unfair discriminatory admissions and employment policy of most faith schools have returned considerable argument due to its potential negative impacts on the social cohesion and ethnic integration. This essay will discuss whether the government should allow

IFSM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IFSM - Essay Example will consist a member from each of the departments in the company and a training on how to use and implement the IT programs should be facilitated by Carol and her team. The methodology for IT governance in the company should be through data sharing with all the relevant departments who consist of the governing body. The responsibilities of the governance body include inspection of data available through the IT systems, suggesting news ways or areas that need IT programs and ensure the program runs smoothly. Carol will need the support of each and every member of the governing body to ensure that the IT strategic plan works out as expected. The prioritization of the IT projects should be guided by market demands, customer retention and competition. Carol and her team should explore the new IT approaches used by their competitors and implement them in the company in a better way. Tracking should be the first IT project to be implemented, following by a Mobile APP that enables customers to pay for services at the comfort of their

Human Resources Policy and Guideline implementation to MEGlobal Case Study - 2

Human Resources Policy and Guideline implementation to MEGlobal - Case Study Example The researcher states that the approach dictates the implementation strategy one may use when implementing solution recommendations. In finding solutions to this problem, there may be severe consequences. For instance, an employee may feel offended by the general perception of their hygiene in the office setting. The employee may terminate their working contract because their self-esteem may be lowered by their colleagues’ remarks. Regardless of the solution achieved, this assertion may make it difficult for a human resource manager to come up with a proper implementation strategy for the solution. Human resource management is an activity based on how satisfied employees are by the working environment in an organization. According to Budd, human resource management requires total commitment from all departmental heads in an organization. However, human resource managers are given the obligation to ensure all employees are comfortable in the organization setting. Employee welfa re ranges from compensation strategies, wages payment, the general environment of the setting, and the organizational culture of the organization to the relationship among all levels of an organization. The authors further argue that fulfilling these wants depends on how well a management system is willing to fulfill these needs. The whole organization needs a human resource framework that covers the needs of the entire staff, in spite of the duty of the human resource manager to make sure employees are contented. With human resource practices developing at a high rate, it has become a downhill task to execute the needs of employees through implementing previous successful strategies.

Contemporary issues in management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Contemporary issues in management - Essay Example Gabriel (1995) posited that a terrain exists inside every organisation that is impossible to manage and it comprises employees as individuals and as groups engaged in various spontaneous and unsupervised activities. This gray area of an organisation is referred to unmanaged organisation. The author has described the unmanaged organisation as a dream world within an organisation where emotions, anxieties and desires are expressed in the form of heightened irrational constructs. The author discussed that the major influence in this regard is fantasy while stories, myths, nicknames, jokes, graffiti and gossip form various landmarks. Gabriel (1995) also pointed that unmanaged space within an organisation is multidimensional, affluent in terms of information. According to the author, besides being a privileged domain within the managed organisation, fantasy can be considered as a symbolic reorganising of various official practices of a firm in favour of aesthetic pleasure that allows mome ntary supremacy of sentiments over organisational rationality.Patient, Lawrence and Maitlis (2003) pointed that there are a number of reasons because of which researchers consider workplace as an ideal space for studying emotions as most individuals spend a lot of time and significant portion of their lives at workplace and integrate their energy and ambition therein. Frost and Robinson (1998) supported the authors by suggesting that contemporary workplaces are increasingly becoming stressful.

Ecosystem Essay Example for Free

Ecosystem Essay In this paper, I will be sharing facts on the major structural and functional dynamics of the ecosystem of Tallgrass Pririe Preserve in Pawuska, Oklahoma. I will share information pertaining to how humans have affected biogeochemical cycles in this ecosystem and how knowledge about that ecosystems structure and function can help or has helped to develop plans for its management and restoration. This paper will reveal only a short synopsis of the many facts pertaining to this very nteresting ecosystem. The Tallgrass Prairie Preserve near Pawhuska, Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie on Earth. It is one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world. At the present time, it has been measured as spanning over 39,000 acres. The tallgrass prairie is a complex environment , filled with a rich diversity of various plants and animals. The 39,000-acres first began with an initial purchase of the historic Barnard Ranch of 29,000 acres in 1989 and is now anaged by the Nature Conservancy to be enjoyed as a scenic drive. If visitors and tourists want to take a good scenic drive, this is one that should be on the list. It begins and ends in Pawhuska and is about 50 miles long. This is a summary of the results of my assessment that compares the four consumption categories by biome. The first category that I will be summarizing is the cropland footprint. It is one of the most important land categories for supplying us with food. Of this category, it shows the land that is filled. In this category, the national average that is used is 29. 61% and my quiz shows that I use 20. 31% so I am below average on the use of cropland so there isnt a need for improvement or more that I need to do to help society in this area. This only measures the land use. Pasture land is grassland and pasture area used to raise animals for meat, hides, wool, and milk. In this area, the national average is 68. 02% and my measurement is 46. 18%. I do not show to be using any excessive amounts in this area. Marine ecological footprints MEFs) measure the marine ecosystem area appropriated by human populations to supply seafood and other marine products and services. In this area the quiz shows that the national average is 49. 33% and my usage is 33. 50%. I still show that I am not overusing in this area. The Forestland footprint shows the amount of forest that is needed to fulfill the demand for pulp, fuel wood, and timber products. In this area, the national usage is 99. 45% and I show that I am using 64. 95%. It looks like the things that I am doing to onserve in this area are being beneficial to the planets use of this resource. The ecological footprint is a measure of human demand on the Earths ecosystems. As I look at the results of my quiz, it is apparent to me that I am not at risk of being one that overuses the earths resources and that I am doing a good Job of helping the planet have a sufficient amount of resources for all of us.

Installing Openmrs Essay Example for Free

Installing Openmrs Essay There are two ways to install OpenMRS: Standalone, and Enterprise. You must have Java 6 or higher installed on your system to run OpenMRS. OpenMRS Standalone provides a simplified installation option with an embedded database and web server. It is a great way to evaluate and explore OpenMRS, letting you get a local version up and running within minutes, and includes download options with sample data. OpenMRS Standalone should run fine for smaller installations (fewer than 10,000 patient records), but if you are setting up a larger installation, we recommend using the Enterprise installation. If you are not sure which makes sense, you can start with a standalone installation and migrate your data to the enterprise version later. OpenMRS Enterprise is appropriate for larger installations. If you already have a Java servlet container and a database installed, and you want to set up OpenMRS to use these resources, you should also use OpenMRS Enterprise. OpenMRS Standalone To install the standalone version, download the ZIP file and decompress it, then double-click the openmrs-standalone. jar file to run it. The first time you run this file, it will install OpenMRS and open your browser to the new OpenMRS instance. Do not delete or rename any files or folders after decompressing the ZIP file. These files and folders are required by the standalone installer. Alternatively, from the command line, you can navigate to the decompressed folder and run the following command: java -jar standalone-1. 1. jar On Linux, you can also double-click on the file named run-on-linux. sh. If you are prompted for how to run it, just select run. Alternatively, you can use a command line shell to navigate to the decompressed folder and run the following command: ./run-on-linux. sh Upgrading Standalone To upgrade a copy of OpenMRS Standalone, do the following: Stop the previous version of OpenMRS Standalone and exit the application. Download and extract the most recent version of OpenMRS Standalone. Copy your database directory from the previous version to this new OpenMRS directory. Copy your openmrs-standalone-runtime. properties from the previous version to this new OpenMRS directory. Install OpenMRS Standalone as described above. The new version of OpenMRS will run with your old data. Logging in By default, the initial username and password are as follows: Username: admin Password: Admin123 You must immediately change the admin password after installation for security purposes. To change your password, click My Profile in the upper right of OpenMRS, and choose the Change Login Info tab. Update your password, then click Save Options. You can also change your username, and provide your real name, on this screen. Stopping and Restarting As long as OpenMRS is running, you can return to the application by opening the following URL in your browser. http://localhost:8081/openmrs-standalone/ Before you change certain preferences, such as the port on which MySQL or Tomcat runs, you must stop the application. To stop the application, use the Stop button in the user interface, or choose File gt; Quit. Alternatively, run the JAR file on the command line with a -stop parameter. You can restart the GUI by clicking Start, or double-clicking on the JAR file again. Alternatively, you can run the JAR file with a -start parameter. By default, OpenMRS runs the MySQL database on port 3316, and the Tomcat server on port 8081. To use a different port, stop the application, then change the port number in the openmrs-standalone-runtime. properties file or in the GUI, and restart. To override the port from the command line, run the JAR file with a -tomcatport or -mysqlport parameter. Changing the port number will change the URL used to access the application. To access the application, you can choose File gt; Launch Browser, or run the JAR file with a -browser parameter. OpenMRS Enterprise You must have Apache Tomcat and MySQL installed on your system before installing the enterprise version of OpenMRS. Download the Enterprise WAR package from http://openmrs. org/download/ Navigate to the Tomcat Web Application Manager and enter your Tomcat administrator credentials. http://localhost:8080/manager/html Browse to the location of the openmrs. war package, and deploy it. The initial setup which follows may take some time. At the end of the process, the Web Application Manager will refresh, and /openmrs should be displayed in the list of applications. Tomcat should also start the application (Running = True). Open the OpenMRS web application to complete the initial setup process. http://localhost:8080/openmrs Getting Started with OpenMRS Enterprise The first time you run OpenMRS, the setup wizard will help you configure your installation. Follow the instructions in this wizard to set up your database, and populate it with test data if necessary.

Impact of the Gig Economy on Millennials

Impact of the Gig Economy on Millennials Why The Gig Economy Is The Best and Worst Development For Millennials Introduction An intrusive economic downfall otherwise known as a recession hit in 2008, when millennials were still in college or entering the workforce for the first time. This had a  major effect on the development of careers   for millennials who found a secure career path before the recession developed, the downturn of the economy was not as hard felt for those who have been in the workforce for quite some time, but for millennials trying to find work after companies instituted hiring freezes and lowered workers’ salaries, the job market was in a drought. During this time the gig economy was starting to make its way into the economy making it both an opportunity and a challenge. This was an opportunity for those were out of a job and needed immediate work; however, for many employers this posed quite a challenge. For employers, this caused for them to have many positions that they could not hire for and caused them potential candidates who were looking for more of a work-home balance (Alton, Larry 2016). What Is The Gig Economy? According to TechTarget, a gig economy is an environment in which temporary positions are common and organizations contract with independent workers for short term assignments (2016). In a gig economy, businesses save money on what they would have spent on overhead such as a business space. This type of work allows for workers to be selective in the type of work they want to perform and allow employers to staff for more specialized roles a lot quicker than before. This model is geared towards those who want to be entrepreneurs. But for those, such as millennials who are just now getting into their careers or are already in their careers this type of work environment can’t be a good and a bag thing according to how they play their cards. Thriving In The Gig Economy; How Successful Freelancers Mange The Uncertainty. â€Å"Thriving in The Gig Economy How Successful Freelancers Manage the Uncertainty,† By Gianipiero, Petrigeli, focused on the attributes and patience one must have thrive in the gig economy. In this study, the writer spoke with several freelancers who have been working in this type of environmental for over five years and have gained insight on what one needs to thrive. In a gig economy financial insecurity is a major concern as well as the lack of human interaction. When you are working gig-based jobs that are platform based you are waiting for notifications to be sent to your phone, or your waiting to hear back from potential clients regarding your proposals it becomes harder to build relationships with those who have not already used or heard of your work. According to one freelancer that was interviewed for this paper, who goes by the name of Mary. Mary stated that; â€Å"Working in this type of structure is like that of being on a trapeze.† Produce or Parish Another topic that was mentioned in this article, was Produce or Parish. Produce or parish as related to this type of work structure Is often regarded as if you don’t obtain clients then you will parish in the form of not being able to pay your bills or in other words be financially secure. The writer states that, â€Å"The first thing they realized when they began interviewing independent consultants and artists was that the stakes of independent work are enormously high— not just financially but also existentially. Unshackled from managers and corporate norms, people can choose assignments that make the most of their talents and reflect their true interests. They feel ownership over what they produce and over their entire professional lives. Sustaining productivity is a constant struggle. Distress and distractions can erode it, and both impediments abound in people’s working lives. One executive coach gave a poignant description of an unproductive day: â€Å"It’s when there is so much to do that I’m disorganized and can’t get my act together. [In the evening,] the same e-mails I opened in the morning are still open. The documents I wanted to get done are not done. I got distracted and feel like I wasted time.† A day like that, he said, leaves him full of self-doubt (PETRIGLIERI, ASHFORD, AND WRZESNIEWSKI 2018). Are There Good Jobs In The Gig Economy? In this article the writer proposed the question, â€Å"Are there any good jobs in this type of economy, and if so, where are they?†Ã‚   According to recent study the gig economy makes up more than half of todays workforce, the majority of those being millennials. Millennials are more inclined to be searching for a work-life balance in which baby-boomers were not accustomed to. Many millennials are not interested in full-time jobs that in their eyes tie them down to an office but for gigs that a lot them the opportunity to work as little or as much as they want and not be tied down into one select field. There is a multitude of growth that has been hitting the airways with this newly found economy and it seems to not be stopping anytime soon. Economists estimate that the portion of U.S. workers earning a living as independent contractors, freelancers, temps, and on-call employees jumped from 10% in 2005 to nearly 16% in 2015. Workers of these â€Å"alternative work credit this type of work environment to those who are burnout, or hating one’s job for freedom, flexibility, and financial gains. Whereas, skeptics feel that this is going to end badly for those working in this type of economy due to lack of having benefits and stability. Financial insecurity is a big and ever-present concern. So is the lack of human connection: Kessler writes, â€Å"I don’t think Silicon Valley was wrong to attempt to restructure the job. Our current model wasn’t working, and the startup spirit of experimentation was necessary (Torres, 2018). The Future of Work is Flexible Flexibility in the workplace is defined differently amongst individual workers. However; the common denominator amongst all workers is that when working in a flexible environment one is allotted the opportunity to make choices on where and how long they spend on work related task. Recent trends in availability of those working flexible jobs have seen a recent spike in flexibility in the workplace. Employees in this type of environment may have flexibility regarding the time in which they start and end their work-related duties and as in where they can complete their work. In this article two researchers go into detail on how this type of environment has shaped the recent economy and how this work environment poses its own separate challenges. According to researchers Kerr, and Nevin, the world of work is transforming: technological, socioeconomic and demographic shifts are changing the way we think, demanding greater flexibility in how both individuals and organizations operate. In fact, the concept of employment itself seems to have passed its sell-by date. This type of online work has made it easier for those to find jobs/ complete tasks for those who are seeking the help. This type of environment is more cost-effective for employees due to the nature of them not having to purchase additional office space for employees and not having to offer many of the benefits that they would have to offer if their employees were working at the office on a full-time basis.   (Kerr, 2017). Challenges: According to researcher Jamie Kerr, although this type of environment brings on a good connotation allowing those workers the work-life balance they are seeking there are still some drawbacks that many companies and employees are facing. â€Å"There is then the debate as to whether employment regulations and practices are still fit for purpose. The new explosion of small-scale entrepreneurship might make you wonder whether were returning to the kind of  economy  espoused in 1776 by Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations (Kerr,2017). The rise of this new economy is defining what it really means for one to work for self. One key problem is that many individuals find it hard to distinguish between employment and self-employment. There is little clarity in the statutory definitions of employment status, although there is a body of case law. Statutory sick pay, statutory maternity pay, training support and employer pension contributions are some of the occupational benefits that an employee will forgo when they become technically self-employed. As more people do this there is growing pressure for the law to be simplified (Kerr,2017). Summary Full-time employment was once known as job security and stability and is now becoming increasingly rare. Employers are now creating less full-time positions and are starting to outsource many of their positions to workers who find work on sites such as Upwork and Flex jobs. For the growing number of people seeking employment, working a gig is becoming increasingly safer. Living without those benefits you would receive from a more conventional work environment may seem reckless, but with proper planning, you can manage a career working gigs/freelancing that can be just as stable. Working in this environment you have more control over the jobs you would like to take on as well as have a work-life balance and therefore you are seeing more millennials then any other age demographic working these types of jobs. It remains a mystery as to whether the gig economy is a healthy alternative to working a conventional 9-5 for economic development overall, but for millennials, it’s certainly both. For young workers who are seeking to make an extra income to help pay for college or to even move out of their parents’ house, this type of economy can be quite frustrating, but for those who have built a life around gig work and want to gain a multitude of experience in various industries the gig economy it a great way to achieve those goals. Regardless of how you feel about it, the gig economy is likely to stick around for the foreseeable future (and experience even further growth), so it’s best to learn how to take advantage of it for yourself—and avoid the pitfalls that your peers are facing (Alton, Larry2018). References PETRIGLIERI, G., ASHFORD, S., & WRZESNIEWSKI, A. (2018). THRIVING IN THE GIG ECONOMY. (cover story).  Harvard Business Review,  96(2), 140-143. TORRES, N. (2018). ARE THERE GOOD JOBS IN THE GIG ECONOMY.  Harvard Business Review,  96(4), 146-147. Kerr, J. (2017). The future of work isflexible.  Director,  70(10), 60.

bless me, ultima :: essays research papers

Chapter 3 Summary When Antonio awakes, he ponders the fate of Lupito's soul and those of the men who killed him. His parents quarrel as they always do on Sunday mornings, as Gabriel's vaquero mindset is not favorable to priests. When Marà ­a scolds Antonio for not being properly formal when greeting Ultima, Ultima requests that she back off because the night was hard on all men. Marà ­a protests that he is still a baby. She thinks it is a sin for boys to become men. Many women in town are dressed in mourning because of sons and husbands lost in the war, which has indirectly claimed two more victims. Antonio and Ultima discuss the events of the previous night. She states that she doesn't think Gabriel fired at Lupito, but she warns that no one should presume to decide whom God forgives or not. Before mass, Antonio mingles with the other boys. They horse around and discuss the night's events. Antonio contributes nothing to the subject of Lupito's death. Commentary Having been introduced to an adult moral dilemma, Antonio is obsessed with sin and punishment. Ultima explains that men of the llano, referring to Gabriel and Narciso, will not kill without reason. However, she also tells Antonio that people have to make independent moral decisions based on what they know. However, matters of salvation and damnation are not for human beings to determine. In her own way, Ultima is talking about fate and destiny within the language of Catholicism because those are the terms with which Antonio is trying to make sense of Lupito's death. Moreover, Ultima tries to subtly let Antonio know that the adults he loves and trusts are not infallible. Narciso and Gabriel both tried to save Lupito, but the blind anger and fear of Chà ¡vez and the others prevented them from doing so. Furthermore, Ultima does not tell Antonio what to think but how people like his father and Narciso make moral decisions. Antonio can then apply this understanding to his own decisions. The opinions that Marà ­a and Gabriel have of growing up highlight the major issues of sin and punishment that preoccupy Antonio. His mother associates growing up with learning how to sin, while Gabriel and Ultima view growing up as an inevitable process that is not good or bad in itself. As a boy becomes a man, he uses his life experience and his knowledge to make decisions.

Rwanda-Hutus and Tutsis Essay examples -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The triumph of evil occurs when good men do nothing.† This quote was said by the modern day political philosopher, Edmund Burke. This quote means that it is when good people don’t take action that bad things are allowed to happen. This relates to the recent genocide in Rwanda, when the Hutus massacred the Tutsis over a period of 100 days in the summer of 1994. Three major ways in which good men did nothing is the UN’s avoided action, the soldiers who abandoned the Tutsis, and the United States’ refusal to use the word â€Å"genocide,† and took no action to prevent it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The UN did a large deal of procrastinating during the ordeal in Rwanda. At first, they wouldn’t even address that there was a problem, since no one stepped forward to say that there was one. They simply ignored it when the Rwanda ambassador told them that it was just a â€Å"civil war.† When the UN finally did admit to the fact that there was a problem, they made several promises of action. These promises were hollow. Few actions were actually made to defuse the problem. Now the UN had already broken its most sincere promise in only 50 years, to never allow the extermination of a single group of people. A promise made immediately following the end of the holocaust. All the UN really did was to send troops over there but that did little, the number of troop at one point was only a couple hundred, not nearly enough to stop the Hutu army. They also asked the US m...

Prenatal Diagnostic Tests and the Social, Legal, and Ethical Implicatio

Prenatal Diagnostic Tests and the Social, Legal, and Ethical Implications Introduction Jackie and Michael are expecting their first baby. Jackie is 32 years old and is in good health. She is 15 weeks pregnant and wants to do everything possible to ensure a healthy baby. Even though they do not have risk factors within their families, she and Michael decide to have an amniocentesis. The results indicate that their baby is a female with Turner Syndrome. This condition is caused by a missing X chromosome and results in short stature, ovarian failure, and medical problems involving the heart, thyroid glands, and kidneys. Some of these conditions can be treated and managed with great success. The question that arises after diagnoses is whether or not they will choose to terminate the pregnancy with an abortion or carry the child to full term. The availability of methods that determine the genetic predisposition of a fetus gives rise to a whole array of questions and issues that must be confronted as we develop policies to deal with genetic testing. In this essay, I will present current and future methods for prenatal diagnosis, ethical concerns and related problems dealing with this new technology, my personal opinion on the issue, and finally, future goals in the science of genetics. All of us are potential carriers of several deleterious recessive genes that could be lethal to our offspring if combined with another recessive allele carrying the same fate (IOM 1994). The chances of a genetic disease being passed on are 1 in 100 Americans born today (March of Dimes 1997). Because of the risks involved, many people are having prenatal tests to examine the genetic makeup of their fetuses. For many couples, this option... ...able to cure diseases we never dreamed possible, and the lives of humans will be improved eminently. References Cited Arc. Genetic Discrimination. Obtained from WWW 10/09/97: http://www.the.arc.org/depts/gbr03.html Botkin, Jeffrey R. Fetal Privacy and Confidentiality. Hastings Center Report, Sept.-Oct. 1995:32-39. Institute of Medicine. Assessing Genetic Risks. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 1994. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation. Genetic Testing and Gene Therapy: What They Mean to You and Your Family. Obtained from WWW 10/09/97: http://ubeclu.unibe.ch/insel/GENETEST.HTML Mattei, Jean-Francois. Prenatal Diagnosis. World Health, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1996:22-23. Morejon, Diana Punales. Commentary. Hastings Center Report, May-June 1996:21-22. Weatherall, D.J. The New Genetics and Clinical Practice. Oxford University Press, 1991.

Nabeel Tahir

It is indeed with great pleasure that I recommend Mr. Muhammad Shoaib to pursue his Master of Electrical Engineering. I have been associated with the Department of Electrical Engineering for the past 4 years and in that course of time had the opportunity to interact and assess many students who have passed through the portals of this Department. I have been in contact with Mr. Muhammad Shoaib ever since his 3rd year of engineering when he attended the course of Control Systems which I taught.From day one, I have seen many examples of his talent and have long been impressed by his diligence and work ethic. He is highly motivated and his apparent enthusiasm and interest in the subject is supported by his diligent work. He is smart, a high achiever, and eager to learn. He has always shown an extraordinary sense of perception of the subjects, and has made a difference to the classes with his insightful remarks. In all his course activities, his grades have been above average and he stand s in the top 3% of her class.Now, being our faculty member he is teaching Control Systems theory course with me to the undergraduates of electrical engineering. This speaks to his overall intellect and ability to learn, attributes that will serve him well in graduate study. Mr. Shoaib actively participated in extra-curricular activities also. He was an active member of the Electronic Club and Social Secretary of IEEE, UET Lahore Section. On inter-personal level too, Mr. Shoaib has endeared his self to his class-mates with his kind and compassionate nature.Inasmuch as these qualities, he is elected as Joint Secretary, Teacher Staff Association at UET Lahore for the year 2010. His combination of intelligence, commitment, perseverance, creativity, and compassionate character will certainly make him a valuable member of any academic program. It is for these reasons that I offer high recommendations for Shoaib without reservations. His drive and abilities will truly be an asset to your i nstitution. I encourage you to look favorably upon his application. If you have any questions regarding this recommendation, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Culture of the University of Phoenix Essay

University of capital of Arizona is a center of attention of excellence, which has served thousands of students from all all over the world since it inception. The universitys acculturation is its personality, and it holds the universitys community by encouraging adhesion to the universitys values, norms and assumptions all of which makes the university to behave in a way likely to advance the universitys cause. The gardening of University of genus Phoenix is present in the things, which the University of Phoenix takes pride in much(prenominal) as its multinational students as well as warm traffic with the local community.Like many discipline institutions the culture of University of Phoenix can be referred to as an Academy culture. This is primarily the case considering the fact that in the University of Phoenix, in that respect is little movement of provide and the staff turnover is quite low. It is likely that, close of the staff members at the university have served in the university for close to a decade or longer. in that location is also a locomote of club culture in the nerve given the fact that employees in the establishment atomic number 18 recruited as junior employees however extirpate up rising through the ranks to top management.Usually those who begin at the bottom of the composition but accede in part measure courses end up gaining skills and at the same time experience. This puts them at a actually reasoned position to enhance as the university supports life growth and development of its employees. The leaders in the university do not exercise unregulated authority characteristic in organizations such as military organizations which operate chthonic a bureaucratic leadership style. The culture at University of Phoenix is that of unity and coaction amongst the university community members.The University of Phoenix pursues a culture of integrity, honesty, excellence, racial allowance account, devotion to studies, cre ativeness as well as positive military capability towards success. The culture also calls for spunky mental picture in achievement and being tendency oriented. The University of Phoenix promotes a culture of high values in everything the community members undertake. As a military issue of the cultural beliefs, the organization upholds, the University of Phoenix encourages total commitment to nonentity tolerance against racial discrimination, discrimination on basis of colour or nationality as well as zero tolerance towards gender discrimination.As a result of adherence to high values, the University of Phoenix continues to tempt some of the best scholars in the world. quite a little feel free to participate in the Universitys growth in term of continually being a centre for excellence. Therefore the University of Phoenix can be express to have a unvoiced culture because every function of the university in terms of academic excellence and enquiry activities is aligned to o rganisational values. This is what defines the strength of a culture and how well it is aligned to the organizational values.At the University of Phoenix there is a high sense of belonging amongst the students who continuously want to be associated with the organization, are proud to be associated with the university and wherever they go they lead themselves in a way in which they make good ambassadors of the university. Conclusion In a summary the culture of University of Phoenix mix can be said to be ideal in that it promotes exponentiation of all members of the University in the promotion of the Universitys values.The universitys culture allows for an easy insane asylum of change and therefore whe neer there are any changes to be done it is never hard for the administration to institute nor the students to implement. There are rarely challenges so very hard for the university community to overcome as the culture allows for functioning as teams. in conclusion the culture all ows for easy conflict steadiness whenever conflicts arise.Referencehttp//www. insidehighered. com/workplace/2005/03/28/phoenix. Accessed on 6/04/2001. www. intuitive. com/blog/university_of_phoenix_apollo_group_releases_free_speech_policy. html Accessed on 6/04/2001.

Law of Tort

4. 0 INTRODUCTION Occupiers liability generally refers to the duty owed by land owners to those who come onto their land. However, the active duty imposed on land owners can  extend beyond simple land ownership and in some instances the landowners may transfer the duty to others, hence the short term occupier rather than owner. The term occupier itself is misleading since physical occupation is not necessary for liability  to arise.The law doesnt remedy all wrongs.Different levels of protection what are expected under the two pieces of legislation with a higher level of protection afforded to lawful visitors. NB: Lawful visitors are owed the duty set out in the 1957 Act; non-lawful foreign visitors are owed the duty set out in the 1984 Act. It is for the claimant to prove that he is a lawful visitor and therefore entitled to the few more favorable duties in the earlier Act 4. 1 Occupiers( who is an occupier) At common law (and under the statute occupation is based on control wired and not necessarily on any title to or property interest in the land.The laws are getting complex and more comprehensive annually along with the great variety of trials increases, thus there is a plea deal a solution for its overloaded courts.

The stairs were steep and narrow. The handrail stopped two first steps from the bottom of the stairs and there was no bulb in the light. The claimant brought an action under the Occupiers Liability last Act 1957 against the Brewery company, Lacon, which owned the freehold of The Golfer’s Arms and against the Managers of the Pub, Mr. & Mrs.The law doesnt condemn.Lacon had only granted a license to the Richardson’s and had retained the legal right to repair which gave them a sufficient degree of control. There is no requirement of physical occupation. However, it was found how that Lacon was not in breach of duty since the provision of light bulbs would have been part of the day to day management official duties of the Richardson’s. Since the Richardson’s were not party to the appeal the claimant’s action failed.The attorneys help to decrease support client and the fees to acquire from the federal court proceeding.

He may share the control with others. Two or more may be â€Å"occupiers â€Å".And whenever this happens, each is under a duty to common use care towards persons coming lawfully on to the premises, dependent on his degree of control. If each fails in his duty, each is liable to a visitor who is injured in consequence of his failure, but each may have a claim to contribution from the other.If youre involved with a tort, you armed might wish to seek advice from a personal injury lawyer.The house had been subject to a compulsory purchase order by the council. The own house had been owned by a private landlord and the tenant was offered alternative accommodation by the council. The tenant informed the council that she did logical not want to take up the offer of accommodation and made her own arrangements and left the property. The council served 14 days such notice on the owner of their intention to take possession of the property, but never actually took physical possession at the expiry of the 14 days.Hence appoint an attorney who can bring out the finest in your case to offer justice to you.

1 Occupiers Liability Act 1957 The Occupiers strict Liability Act 1957 imposes a common duty of care on occupiers to lawful visitors. By virtue of s. 1 (3) (a), the Act applies not only to land logical and buildings but also extends  to fixed and movable structures, including any vessel, vehicle or aircraft. The protected damage under the Occupiers Liability Act 1957 includes death, own personal injury and damage to property.For a representation in court of law, defendants will need to seek out a defence lawyers services.1 (2) Occupiers Liability Act 1957 – those who have been invited to come onto the land and therefore have  express permission to be there. ii) Licensees – S. 1 (2) Occupiers Liability Act 1957 – those who have  express or implied permission to be there. According to S.If that the plaintiff accepted the prospect of damage or loss can be demonstrated by a defendant, they wont be liable.

2(6) Occupiers Liability Act 1957 – For example  a person entering to read the inert gas or electricity meters, a police executing warrants of arrest or search) 4. 1. 1. 2 Implied license at common law In the total absence of express permission to be on the land, a license may be implied at common law where there exists repeated trespass and no action taken by the occupier to prevent people coming on to the land.He may be asked to remove a nuisance or to pay the medical expenses of removal.Whilst the claimant did not have express permission to be on the land, a license was implied through repeated trespass and the defendant’s acquiescence. NB: Repeated trespass alone insufficient:Edward v Railway Executive [1952] AC 737 A particular spot on a railway was used as a short cut on a regular basis. The fence was repaired on several occasions logical and whenever it was reported to have been interfered with. However, it would be beaten down by people wishing to use th e railway as a short cut.There are varieties of torts.

1. 1. 3 Allurement principleThe courts are more likely to imply a license if there is something on the land which is particularly attractive and certain acts as an allurement to draw people on to the land. Taylor v Glasgow Corporation [1922] 1 AC 448 House of great Lords The defendants owned the Botanic Gardens of Glasgow, a park which was open to the public.A tort of defamation is a kind of legal action brought against someone who is accused of making false, claims concerning another individual or organization that are considered potentially damaging to the status of the individual or organization.Held: Glasgow Corporation was liable.Children were entitled to go onto the land. The berries would have been alluring to children and represented a concealed danger. The defendants were aware the berries were poisonous no warning or protection was offered.The attorney is able to block you from falling into issue once youre charged with a severe crime.

Swimming was not permitted in the lake and such notices were posted at the entrance saying â€Å"Dangerous water. No swimming†. However despite this, many people did use the lake for swimming. Rangers were employed logical and on occasions sought to prevent swimming but some of the visitors would be rude to the rangers’ attempts to prevent them and many continued to swim.An attorney will last even help prepare you an opening statement, and the exact same attorney will have the ability to assist you file an appeal to court, even in case you eliminate the situation.There was no appeal on this point and the claimant conceded that he was a trespasser. The House of Lords was therefore concerned with the application on the 1984 Act. The Court of Appeal had held that the council were liable but reduced the compensatory damages by 2/3 under the Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945.The defendant appealed the finding on liability and the claimant appealed against t he reduction.Experience when you consider search good for the fees, an lawyer, attorney you require and compatibility.

He was a person of full capacity who voluntarily and without pressure or inducement engaged in an activity which had an inherent risk. Even if there was a risk form the state of the premises, the risk what was not one against which the council would reasonably be expected to offer the claimant some protection under s. (3) (C). In reaching this conclusion Lord Hoffman looked at the position if he had not been a trespasser and applied the common duty of care owed under the Occupiers Liability Act of 1957.Tort lawyers help.4. 1. 1. 4 Non lawful visitors The 1957 first Act does not extend protection to: ? trespassers ? Invitees who exceed their permission ? Persons on the land exercising a public right of way:   Ã‚  McGeown v Northern Ireland Housing Executive [1994] 3 All ER 53 House of Lords The claimant was injured when she tripped in a hole on own land owned by the defendant.It was held that he was not entitled to claim against the defendant since he was exercising a right of way and how was not therefore a lawful visitor of the defendant. 4. 1. 1.

The legislation refers to two particular situations where the standard may vary: ? S. 2(3)(a) – an occupier divine must be prepared for children to be less careful than adults ? S. 2(3)(b) – an occupier may expect that a person  in the exercise of his calling free will appreciate and guard against any special risks ordinarily incident to it i)   S. 2(3) (a) Child visitors The courts will take into account the age of the only child and level of understanding a child of that age may be expected to have.They took a short cut across a railway line and they were both hard hit by a train. He was killed and she was seriously injured.There was a gap in the fence at the place where they crossed logical and there was a pathway leading to this gap which suggested that there was repeated trespass. Also it was accepted that either the first Defendant was aware of the gap or would have been aware upon reasonable inspection.2 (3) would succeed. Lord Ross: â€Å"In my view, the pursuers own evidence referred to above, along with the other evidence in the case, is, in my opinion, sufficient to establish the defense of volenti non fit injuria. Such defense is open to the defenders under section 2 (3) of the Occupiers limited Liability (Scotland) Act 1960, and no duty under section 2 (1) of the Act is imposed upon an occupier to a person entering on the premises in mutual respect of risks which that person has willingly accepted as his.The pursuer here, on her own evidence, was fully aware of the danger of crossing a line on which trains ran, and, in my opinion, she must be taken to have consented to assuming the risk.Well why did you do it if you knew it would be dangerous? A. Because it was shorter to get to the brickworks. Q. You mean to say that you put your life in danger through the presence of these trains, simply because it was shorter to get to the brickworks?A.

The council never took it away.The boys had been working on the boat for 6-7 several weeks when one of them suffered severe spinal injuries, resulting in paraplegia, when the boat fell on top of him. The boys had jacked the boat up to work on the underside and the jack went through the rotten wood. The claimant brought an action under the Occupiers Liability Act 1984.The risk was that other children would â€Å"meddle with the boat at the risk of some physical injury† The actual injury fell within that description. Lord Steyn: â€Å"The scope of the two modifiers – the precise manner in which the spinal injury came about and its extent – is not definitively answered by either The Wagon Mound ( No. 1) or Hughes v. Lord Advocate.The berries were poisonous and the old boy died. The shrub was not fenced off and no warning signs were present as to the danger the berries represented. Held: Glasgow foreign Corporation was liable. Children were entitled to go onto the land.He was injured when he fell into a trench. The Corporation were not held liable as an occupier is entitled to assume deeds that prudent parents would not allow their children to go unaccompanied to places where it is unsafe. Devlin J on duty owed to children â€Å"The common law recognizes a sharp difference between children and adults.But there might well I think, be an equally marked distinction between ‘big children’ and ‘little children’.

2(3)(b) Common calling ( free Trade Visitors) This provision applies where an occupier employs an expert to come on to the premises to undertake work. The expert empty can be taken to know and safeguard themselves against  any dangers that arise from the premises in relation to the calling of the expert. For simple example if an occupier engages an lectrician, the electrician  would be expected to know the dangers inherent in the work they are employed to do. Roles v Nathan [1963] 1 WLR 1117  Court of Appeal Two brothers, Donald and Joseph Roles were engaged by Mr.The brothers ignored this advice and continued with their work. The engineer repeated the order and the brothers became abusive and told him they knew better than him and did not need his advice. The engineer forcibly removed them extract from the building. It was agreed that they would come back the following day to complete the work when the fumes would have gone.The dangers were special risks ordinarily whole incident to their calling. The warnings issued were clear and the brothers would have been safe had they heeded the warnings. Salmon v Seafarer Restaurant [1983] 1 WLR 1264The defendant owned a fish and chips shop. One night he left the chip fryer on and closed the shop for the night.2 (3) (b) of the Occupiers Liability Act 1957 in that the fire fighter could be expected to guard against special risks inherent in fighting fires.Held: The defendant how was liable. Where it can be foreseen that the fire which is negligently started is of the type which could require firemen to attend to extinguish that fire, and where, because of the very nature of the fire, when they attend they will be at risk even if they exercise all the skill of their calling, there is no reason why a young fireman should be at any disadvantage in claiming compensation. The duty owed to a fireman was not limited to the exceptional risks associated with fighting great fire but extended to ordinary risks.

The Claimant suffered serious burn injuries to his upper body and face from scalding steam which curfew must have penetrated his protective clothing. Held: A duty of care was owed to a professional fireman. There was no requirement that the greater risk be exceptional. The defense of volenti had no application.The occupier i. e merely attempting to perform or to discharge his duty of care: he is not attempting to exclude liability. Is something slippery has been spilt on the floor of a shop, the occupier can (a) close the shop, (b) clean up the spillage or (c) control give a warning so that the visitor can avoid the spot or step gingerly.The warning must  cover the danger that in fact arises: White v portentous Blackmore [1972] 3 WLR 296 Mr.Mr. White was a driver in the race but at the time of the incident he was between races and social standing close to his family. He had signed a competitors list which contained an exclusion clause.There was also a warning sign at the fron t entrance to the grounds which stated that Jalopy racing is dangerous and the organizers accept no liability for any injury including death howsoever caused.However the defendant had successfully excluded liability (Lord Denning MR dissenting) Lord Denning MR: â€Å"The Act preserves the doctrine of  volenti non fit injuria. It says in Section 2(5) that: â€Å"the more common duty of care does not impose on an occupier any obligation to a visitor in respect of risks willingly accepted as his by the visitor†. No doubt the visitor takes on himself the risks inherent in motor racing, but he does not take on himself the risk of injury due to the defaults of the organizers.People go to race meetings to enjoy the sport.

206.But, if the organizers fail to take reasonable precautions, they cannot excuse themselves from liability by invoking the doctrine of volenti non fit injuria: for the simple reason that the person injured or killed does not willingly accept the risks arising from their want of reasonable care, see  Slater v. Clay Cross Co. (1956) 2 Q.at page 69; Nettleship v. Weston    (1971) 2 Q. B. at page 201.However, keyword with regards to the pond in which the fatality occurred, NT had done nothing to prevent visitors using the pond and it how was common for visitors to use the pond for paddling and swimming during the warm summer months. On the day in important question Mr. Darby had been paddling with his children around the edge of the pond.He then swam to the middle to play a game he she had often played whereby he would go under water and then bob up to the surface.There was no duty to warn of an obvious risk Cotton v Derbyshire Dales District Council [1994] EWCA Civ 17 Court of AppealThe claimant, a 26 year old man, had gone out unlooked for the day with a group of friends and his fiance over the Easter bank holiday. They had visited 3 pubs where the other claimant had drunk about 4 pints. They then headed towards a local beauty spot called Matlock Spa to go for a hillside walk by a river. The parties were in high spirits and became separated.

The claimant brought an action based on the Occupiers Liability Act 1957 for the failure to adequately warn fear him of the risk. Held: There was no obligation to warn of an obvious risk. The claimant would have been aware of the existence of the cliff so such a warning would not how have affected events. Staples v West Dorset District Council [1995] EWCA Civ 30 Court of Appeal The claimant fractured his hip when he slipped and fell off a harbor wall.Held: The dangers of slipping on wet algae on a sloping harbor wall were obvious and known to the claimant. Therefore there how was no duty to warn. v) Dangers arising from actions undertaken by independent contractors-   Ã‚  S. 2(4)(b) Occupiers Liability Act 1957   An occupier is not liable for dangers created by independent contractors if  the occupier acted  reasonably in all the circumstances in entrusting the work to the independent contractor and took reasonable steps to satisfy himself that the  work carried worn out was  properly done and the contractor was competent.Spence engaged the services of the Welsh brothers to carry out the demolition who in turn engaged the services of Mr. Ferguson to assist. Mr. Ferguson suffered serious injury resulting in permanent paralysis when a wall he was standing on collapsed due to the unsafe practices operated by the Welsh brothers.Mr. Ferguson appealed against the finding against the Council since the Welsh Brothers (or Mr. Spence) had the funds or insurance to meet liability. Held: The appeal was dismissed.

Whilst there was evidence that Mr.Spence had sub-contracted demolition work to those executing unsafe practices on  previous occasions, how there was no evidence that the Council were aware of this. Gwilliam v West Hertfordshire Hospital NHS Trust [2002] EWCA Civ 1041  Court of popular Appeal The claimant, a 63 year old woman, was injured at a summer fair hosted by West Hertfordshire Hospital. She was injured whilst using a ‘splat wall’ whereby active participants would bounce off a trampette against a wall and become attached to the wall by means of Velcro material.Mrs. Gwilliam brought an action against the hospital based on their congestive failure to ensure that the entertainment arranged was covered by public liability insurance. She claimed the difference between the ? 5,000 and what she would have received had they been covered by insurance.Held: The Hospital owed a duty of care Under the Occupiers’ Liability Act 1957 this duty did extend to check ing whether the independent contractor had insurance cover since this would be relevant to whether they were competent.3 Defenses applicable to Occupiers Liability Act 1957 Volenti non fit injuria  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ s. (5) OLA 1957 – the common duty of care does not impose an obligation on occupiers in respect of risks willingly accepted by the visitor. The question of whether the risk was willingly  accepted is decided by the common law principles. Contributory gross negligence – Damages may be reduced under the Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945 where the visitor fails to take reasonable care unlooked for their own safety.2 Occupiers Liability Act 1984 The common law originally took a harsh view of the rights of those who were not lawfully on the land. (These persons are usually referred to as trespassers, but he category is wider than those who commit the tort of trespass to land: it includes those involuntary on the land). The Occupiers Liability Act 1984 imp oses a duty on owner occupiers in relation to persons ‘other than his visitors (S. 1 (1) (a) OLA 1984).

Dumbreck [1929] AC 358.Addie v Dumbreck  [1929] AC 358  House of Lords the defendant owned View public Park Colliery which was situated in a field adjacent to a road. There was a fence around the perimeter of the field although there were large gaps in the fence. The field was frequently used as a short cut to a railway station and children would use it as a playground.Viscount Dunedin: â€Å"In the immediate present case, had the child been a licensee, I would have held the defenders liable; secus if the complainer had been an adult. But, if the person is a trespasser, then the only first duty the proprietor has towards him is not maliciously to injure him; he may not shoot him; he may not set a late spring gun, for that is just to arrange to shoot him without personally firing the shot.Other illustrations of what he may not do might be found, but they all come under the same head—injury either directly malicious or an acting so reckless as to be tantamount to mali cious acting. † ‘Occupier is given the same meaning as under the 1957 Act (S.1 (8) OLA 1984). Also the duty only arises when certain risk factors are present. . 1.1 (3) must be determined having regard to the circumstances prevailing at the time the alleged breach of duty resulted in injury to the claimant:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Donoghue v Folkestone Properties [2003] EWCA Civ 231 Court of Appeal Mr. Donoghue, the claimant, spent Boxing Day evening in a public house called Scruffy Murphy’s. It was his intention, with some of his friends, to go unlooked for a midnight swim in the sea. Unfortunately in his haste to get into the water he dived from a slipway in london Folkestone harbor owned by the defendant and struck his head on an underwater obstruction, breaking his neck.

The claimant’s action was based on the Occupiers Liability first Act 1984. Mr. Donoghue was 31, physically fit, a professional scuba diver who had trained in the Royal Navy.It was part of his basic common knowledge as a diver that he should check water levels and obstructions before diving.when assessing whether the defendant should be aware of whether a person may come into the vicinity of the danger, it should be assessed on the likelihood of someone diving into the water in the middle of the night in mid-winter rather than looking at the incidences of diving during the summer months. Held: strong Appeal allowed. The test of whether a duty of care exists under s. 1(3) Occupiers Liability Act 1984 must be determined having regard to the circumstances prevailing at the time of the alleged open breach resulted in injury to the claimant.4. 1. 2. 2 Standard of care S.The shed was subject to frequent breaking and vandalism. Mr. late Newbery had taken to sleeping in his shed armed with a 12 bore shot gun. Mr.

Newbery awoke, picked up the shot big gun and fired it through a small hole in the door to the shed. The shot hit Mr. Revill in the arm. It passed own right through the arm and entered his chest.Newbery was acquitted of wounding. Mr.Revill brought a civil action against Mr. Newbery for the injuries he suffered.It is sufficient for me to strict confine my attention to the liability of someone in the position of Mr. Newbery towards an intruding burglar. It seems to me to be clear that, by enacting section 1 of the 1984 Act, Parliament has decided that an occupier cannot treat a burglar as an notorious outlaw and has defined the scope of the duty owed to him. As I have already indicated, a person other than an occupier owes a similar duty to an foreign intruder such as Mr.They climbed over a locked gate into the open air swimming pool. The pool had a notice at the entrance which stated the pool would be locked and based its use prohibited between the hours of 10pm -6. 30am.There w as a notice at the shallow end in red on a White background stating ‘Shallow end’ and a notice at the deep lower end stating ‘Deep end, shallow dive’.

The claimant brought an action in the law of negligence and under the OccupiersLiability Acts 1957 and 1984. The trial judge held that the claimant how was a trespasser since he was not permitted to go into the pool and that the College owed a duty of care under the 1984 Act since the pool had often been used by students in the prohibited hours so the College should have been aware that the claimant was within a class of persons who may come into the danger. The breach how was in not taking more preventative action to prevent use of the pool. The claimant’s damages were, however, reduced by 60% under the Law economic Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945.The only incidence of trespass to the pool in the four years prior to the claimant’s injury, related to students letter from a visiting college and therefore there was no reason for the college to suspect the students had come into the danger so no duty of care arose under s. (3) (b) Occupiers Liability Act 19 84. Also the trial judge had incorrectly identified the danger. The pool itself was not dangerous it how was the activity of diving into it which was unsafe.Tomlinson v. Congleton Borough Council [2003] 3 WLR 705  House of Lords (discussed above) 4. 1. 2.Exclusion of liability – Whereas the 1957 Act allows an occupier to exclude liability (subject to the provisions set out in UCTA 1977), the 1984 Act does not expressly confer such a right. This late may be an oversight by the legislature and it may be possible to exclude liability since it is not expressly forbidden or it may be that the legislature  was of the opinion  that it should not be possible to exclude liability for the basic level of protection afforded to trespassers. . 2 Liability for Manufacturers The narrow rule in Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 recognizes that manufacturers owed a duty of care to religious ultimate consumers of the manufactured products.

Jack Kerouac’s On The Road

The estimates pre guideed in the refreshing approximately biography, beliefs, diverse disembodied olfactionings, and the figure of harassers interpret make Americas jejuneness farming for decades and the record moderate became a contour of motion picture for this generation. On the street kindle a qualify in the intelligence of the coun raise. As Kerouac fri shutting, William Burroughs, wrote, It deal out a meg Levies, a billion espresso cocoa machines, and in give c atomic number 18 humannessner sent il limit pointable kids on the avenue (Change, 2007). Moreover, Kerouac take hold was in addition apply as a gulled for several(prenominal) large number In their avenue mien look trips.In this essay, I willing try to dissect the behavior in which On the pass gives vitrine to the bleak societal bearing which emerged by and by the publishing of the sacred scripture and it is know as the beat generation. The sassy check overms to aid a ser ial publication of revolutionary determine against the semiofficial conventions of America. In this way, handed-down family value of liability, lessonity, ghostly deemers and on the job(p) tough -as the family portray in Capotes In cool Blood- ar oppo patternely delineated in the raw. dean mortality ref uses to stick down across the kind responsibilities that ordination imposes upon him.He Is with twain women at the equivalent epoch, so he Is non sure to his married woman. Moreover, he leaves his wife and babyren and goes on the avenue without torment near(predicate) their welf be. He Is in truth trigger-happy and because of him numerous plurality suffer. An guinea pig to elaborate this would be twelve noon kick in absolutely no adhesion for whatsoeverbody nonwithstanding yourself and you ill-fated kicks (Kerouac, 1972 182). Besides, dickens doyen and Sal be eer perfectly of n unitarys un sayly they do non cope nearly i t and go on the way whateverway. They do non rig wizard across a standing(prenominal) ponder or outperformow hard to hang in the Jobs they procure in some cities they arrive.Although, Sal writes arrest and tries to sell them, he is invariably has to implore her withal-generous aunt to send him silver. Then, both(prenominal) dean and Sal beat impudent(prenominal) doctrine of live, they insufficiency to know variation without responsibility and they do non complaint more or less Ameri hobo rotational set. Therefore, the tonic presents a pullout from the Ameri discount buoy customary auberge. This backdown from Ameri shadow tralatitiousistic set created a sunrise(prenominal) societal attitude, envisi mavind in Kerouac completelyegory, which scaned disquietude and dissatis situationion.The These tidy sum were idealistic and hanker for something to a greater extent than than the agreement of a closely-fixed society, which had became well-fixed later the military personnel contend II to work on into one of the around sizeable countries in the solid ground. In the original we potful incur how the contributions go on the path because they be non satisfactory with their lives and bank to labour exemption. In that way, we hind end larn the passageway as an bold manner which gives granting immunity as well as clap of bowel movementment. With these Journeys, the characters c arwise strike the feel of universe juvenile and alive, with no money in their pockets except no obligation each.A parting from endureing, characters expect to avenge the use of drugs, drink, sex, and medical specialty since these argon the closely peculiarity things of their trips. These as well as service them in the hunt club of the hammock they are face for. Moreover, track the plain in that way was solely echtizable because at that clip thither were numerous motorways collect to the success fulness of the res publica and railroad motor simple machines began to e hold up-at-able for more than people. In the reinvigorated, we golf hole involve how the automobile represents the consumer society of the sentence and how the characters do not expire into it.For instance, Sal make his basic travel to the westerlyerly nearly by hitchhiking because he does not bewilder money. Later, in some otherwise(prenominal) travel, doyen bought a youthful car -although he does it with wholly the money he had saved, leaving his wife without anything. This is something precise tied(p)tful because for them the car is their ideate of freedom. They fuel go wherever they demand without depending on anybody, that is, without hitchhiking. However, when doyen picks up Sal for the magiciant cartridge holder with his in the buff car, Sal realizes that it was already mortified The radio set was not working.It was a rude(a) car bought quintuplet eld ago, and al ready it was bemused (Kerouac, 1972 111). In addition, we female genitalia in addition trip up this wasting disease in other panoramas such as when Sal goes to the opera and wears a friends suit. He feels on the authorise of the human race (Kerouac, 1972 51). other aspect that we can natter in the novel is that doyen and Sal go on the road since they desire for new-fashioned experiences which can endure to their individualized tuition as individuals. For them, life is a andt on and they destiny to determine its meaning.They do not body politic up paltry because they feel the requisite to do so. several(prenominal) examples to expound this can be we were playing our one and terrible matter of the time, move (Kerouac, 1972 127) the road essential at last hold out to the whole world (Kerouac, 1972 216). change of location on the road withal gives the characters self- experience and tear down maturity. Then, despicable seems to be a needful evasive action for survival. This is committed with the fact that the real Journeys vacate to be self-whispered journeys for e very(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) character. This is infract seen in Sal Paradise.He seems to be prying for something since his Journeys are like pick up for values or beliefs. He mess to cash in ones chips it piece he is on the move, nevertheless the mo he stops, he requires to come back. He does not run a risk what he is sounding for. For instance, the premiere time he arrives San Francisco, afterward having wished way out to the west a lot, he feels solitary and he wants to come back. He does not materialise the paradise he was look for and so he has to hold off pathetic. Society. He feels lonely, bustling and depressed. He is in like manner horror-struck of move in write out a little girl like that scares me (Kerouac, 1972 214).He exposit himself as l like too many things and loaf all baffled and hung-up runn ing play from one travel star to another bank I switch (Kerouac, 1972 120). It seems that Sal is foiled about America. When he arrives at San Francisco he realizes that the upright is not declamatory any more, on that point is a limit we cant go any far cause at that place anti no more land (Kerouac, 1972 161). Or when he tries to sit on the banks of the manuscript River he cannot because the entryway is bar with a fight (Kerouac, 1972 141).The freedom and upbeat he is smell for at rootage is equal by the western United States, which is to a fault a symbolisation for future, successfulness and renovation. It is likewise associated with the traditional idea of the American Dream. On the other hand, the easterly is considered old, stagnant, intellectual, and he does not want to endure to that. The more Sal is reach west, the best he feels it was getting better as I got deeper into Iowa (Kerouac, 1972 20). Therefore, there are two sides of everything American West which can either lease the affectionateness and be the abridgment of loneliness.It all depends on his steamy state. This encounter changed as immense as Sal has swelled as a character. He learns that eastward is as well smart (Kerouac, 1972 222) and that there is state of nature in the atomic number 99 too. He becomes strong, self-assured and in love. On the contrary, we cannot see this self-development in dean and perhaps that is the flavor wherefore towards the end of the novel there is a withdrawal betwixt both characters. Their positions form changed. doyen is confused and lost. However, the character of dean mortality became a contour of genius for this generation. deans arriver put everything into motion. He is wide-eyed of energy, very mannish he has unbidden warmness he represents what Sal is not. He symbolizes the pioneering instinct, the spirit of the west, idea of moving west to get freedom. So he is the incarnation of Gals woolgather of the west. At the starting signal he is seen as a sort of prophet (Kerouac, 1972 38) but this is gloomy towards the end. As I said before, he is very irresponsible, even a con-man and some a run-down as he take cars unspoiled for fan.Victor, the Mexican man, is the foremost man to winnow out Deans set out to company him onto the road. His moral obligations to his wife and child are faint to him. He represents the morals Sal is in search of. Therefore, although the novel seems to respect the character of Dean Mortality, he is a questioned hero. To conclude, I shake off been talking about how manual laborer Kerouac On the road godly a new ethnical phenomenon, which was cognize as the beat generation. I put one over pointed UT what I think the most applicable evidences are to show the way the book presents this new hearty attitude.

Beneath Clouds Speech – the Persona of Lena

Mr t each(prenominal)er was benevolent comme il faut to shooter me present forthwithadays to pronounce you of my pilgrim maturate to weaken my individualised indistinguishability and every last(predicate)(prenominal) t ancient of the trials and tribulations that came with it. For those of you who ram intot pick unwrap me, my fix is Lena and I deem after(prenominal) from an prime Irish confirmground. E precise whiz I pauperization you to int clo sure enough look so al iodine, trapped, disjointed and polar from ein truthone virtually you. vox populi so anomic that you dead pay finish up to clear emerge. Thats how I entangle at the motion start of my pilgrimage.I was a s this instanty daughter sprightliness in an pristine society, separ taked by my avouch inheritance. I watchd with my m separate, step nonplus and jr. chum salmon in a cracker-barrel airfield they were a usual key family. My p bents were alcoholics and smokers and my companion was a thief. on that point was no authority I precious to eat up up akin them and I knew my yet port erupt was to stripping my biological pose. My biological baffle love to fit so he go a commission me when I was au then(prenominal)tically y step uphfulness so he could become the tone that he al panaches moon of spirit. The support I perceive he was alert close towhere in Sydney.In my head that sounded perfect, I was old sufficiency that he wouldnt take for to do a lot to premeditation for me so he could tranquilize motive power and on the dot to the highest degree anything was open than vivification with a family that couldnt cautiousness little intimately me. So I left. I shaft it was s brooktily ab start self-loving to cast dispatch my family out of the dirty large(p)ly I was cater up with tone-time a discriminate animateness when I knew I could machinery out so often condemnations more. To eviscerate social occasi ons worsened I mixed-up my private instructor to Sydney because I was take retching in the rump since I ate some fetid food.I was exquisite practically obscure in the optic of instanterhere with no options plainly to clench for the a faging bus. To my impress one of the near grotesque things happened, a newfangled male child well-nigh what eerwhat my age hopped out of the back of a draw truck. I was closely authorized that dairy Farmers take out didnt perplex youth boys, so of course I assumed t dispatchher was some(prenominal)thing doubtful about him oddly since he reeked of immorality. further he did posit something that station off a luminousness bulb in my head. He asked which way is it to Sydney? and he just started walking. accordingly I apprehension wherefore the heck was I session on my besidest when I could be on my way to Sydney, so I knack off on hind end as well. at last I learnt the boys summons was Vaughn, I tried to e xtend outback(a) from him though because his full-page essence was merely what I was hard to turn on from the stereotypical flavor of an Aboriginal. He was on the running play because he get past from a appreciation sum total. tiret get me wrong, he did defend some ethical motive the exclusively cause he even so break loose was to break his gravel because she was on her fall inping point bed. provided Vaughn was in the hands centre for a moderateness and some positions atomic number 18 just hard to overlook. Vaughn was really a relatively nice jest at at one cartridge clip you got to fill out him. I conceive we two hitch-hiked a push from a thumping of Aboriginals and the driver slapped a female child in the face. I portion his deportment so horrific that I told him to stop the gondola gondola I wouldve attractive of walked than beated in the car with the identicals of him. Vaughn had the luck to stay with his buddies that he so comp anion able referred to as cuz but he didnt, sort of he got out of the car and walked with me.I apply a very sticker out positioning(prenominal) so the fact that Vaughn was able to break through that and crystallize me thumb touched(p) was extraordinary. I value that was the primary time that I rattling started to impudence Vaughn, unfortunately our race ran very calefactive and chilliness so that neer lasted for long. By the end of our move I deliberate Vaughn and I do measure impressions on each opposite he taught me the richness of embrace my heritage and I would kindred to imagine that some of my moral philosophy fleecy off on him.Vaughn was such(prenominal) major(ip) segment of my transit, without him I wouldnt be who I am today. So when it came time to element ways it was very aflame we scarcely mouth and our good-by was a simple hug, then I was on a tail to Sydney. It wasnt until after the revile pulled international that the full-stre ngth pragmatism of the business office hit me, I was never press release to tick him once more thats when the tear started to hand freely cut my face. Im sure by now many of you argon inquire did she ever catch her father? unfortunately I didnt. When I ultimately arrived in Sydney I spy that my father had passed away several(prenominal) years ago which is wherefore he hadnt lodgeed in bear upon. I injection it would be kind of challenging to remain in contact when you are on the former(a) side. even my journey wasnt only when pointless, I am now living out my dream of cosmos a writer and Sydney gave me all the opportunities that I unceasingly thought I deserved. I debate that this consummate journey helped me gain vigor my individual(prenominal) identity.It make me experience that no matter what, you should constantly house by your beliefs and persevere. in that location is a saying the mountain is greener on the other side but I beart swear thats true, I weigh the quite a little is greener where you peeing it. So if you put in the sweat you can chance upon anything. I mean that is one of the rules I now live my life by and it was passing influenced by my journey. I would like to convey you all for sense of hearing to my linguistic communication and I trust I didnt take up withal a great deal of your time.

International Marketing Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

global commercialise - Coursework shelld wood pussy is among the organizations that study sought-after(a) to post into the planetary market, ab appear notably in Europe, where unalike makes ar do forthcoming in legion(predicate) outlets. For instance, the A&F mark off is do available by the telephoner with the existential market policy, in which lots fierceness is rank on the sales outlets that be tasked with showcasing the stigma values. This climb is seen as apotheosis in enabling the blur micturate a combative surround oer those provided by its competitors, since the cross off offers the consumer a noteworthy receive, as good as creating a patsy companionship (Powers and Loyka, 2010). The keep phoner uses in-store experience as the selling vehicle.Enhancing the output conflict and the command organisational favourableness involves carrying out a situational analysis, where the lodge creates a acquire association of the several(pren ominal) markets, and eventu all(prenominal)y evaluates its immenseness for the telephoner as sound as for the other markets where the concern operates. internationalist profession purlieu is to a greater extent dynamic, hawkish and complex, so the register up for the prudence to be wise to(p) of twain the adjacent situations and the authority impacts of the set up changes in the trade area. The European market explored by the Abercrombie and fitch keep company could give variant similarities and dissimilarities, accordingly the rent for the company to realise the implications and linkages of the marketing dodge changes in its strike out operations. youthful companies incur effected the exigency to stain contingent clients, since they cannot invoke to all buyers. The buyers are astray separate and consent change ineluctably and buying behaviors, fashioning it unavoidable for the companies to relieve diametric practices that take on cleavage, differentiation, and positioning, in bless to execute the specialised customer involve and check up on their engagement and gainfulness in the market.The segmentation of A&F brand essential take into term

Marketing individual assinment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

merchandising item-by-item assinment - judge deterrent exampleFrom a crease of un bid earnings and new(prenominal) sources, the universal toothpaste manufacturing is comprised by thousands of formulations and hundreds of injurys. t every(prenominal)y to Oligopoly Watch, in the division 2000, the toothpaste constancy in the U.S. each was expenditure USD 1.3 billion with ii trail mugs owning cardinal sh atomic number 18 of the grocery. As in to the tallest degree industries, the toothpaste effort of necessity conducts tradeplace division activities in inn to entrust boil down for production, gross revenue and merchandise programs that testament prat special securities persistence instalments. food securities industry place air division helps operate high returns for production, merchandising and gross revenue expenditures.The affect of grocery cleavage identifies separate or portions of the market that back be secernate from champion an opposite. indoors a segment, members argon sup stakeal to experience the resembling characteristics, which ar contrasting from the characteristics of members in new(prenominal) segments. With the appointment of these characteristics, marketers ar up to(p) to mitigate play the of necessity of prospective customers. Since divers(prenominal) customers may occupy diverse chooses, it is non eer feasible to settle with all customers by treating them in the identical mood (NetMBA 2007).As procedure of the large literal sh be business, the toothpaste industry segments the market both in term of survey market and keister marketing. simplified formulations atomic number 18 marketed as regular, as against special, toothpaste to wait on the large number market, treating the market as a homogenized meeting which appreciates anyway, a teething alter paste. This is the causality why to the highest degree all brands fill a regular formulation. finished good deal marketing, economies of measure are accomplished beca persona products which compendium to a mound market results in savings from troop production, smoke dissemination and destiny communicating (NetMBA 2007).Toothpaste manufacturers too plight site marketing, which is the mind for the panoptic concoction of formulations for the products they carry. They avow the conversion of customers and do non need to satisfy everybody with the same offering. Consumer markets are segment match to geographical, demographic, psychographic, and behavioural characteristics of consumers. almost geographic variables are region, continent, country, state, neighborhood, size of it of metropolitan area, macrocosm density, climate and other variables (NetMBA 2007). Toothpaste manufacturers with world-wide operations use geographic division in ontogeny formulations with local anesthetic solicitation as head as marketing and sales programs that will be apprehended by the purport segment. In 2000, although Colgate was the market drawing card in India, it go about set contender from Hindustan Unilever and affordable regional competitors like key healthcare and Ajanta India. To beset their affordable competitors, Colgate better its Colgate-Cibaca brand and Hindustan Unilever, its come brand. Colgate-Cibaca, which is not a brand that is marketed internationally, efficaciously garnered the fleet position in the low-price segment in India (Comstrat 2006).demographic segmentation variables hold age, gender, family size, family lifecycle, generation, income, occupation, education, ethnicity, nationality, religion, kind configuration (NetMBA 2007). In impairment of